Posted with permission of Dr. Carl Masthay,
Ph.D., Linguistics:
This concerns the Piasaw petroglyph/pictograph once on the limestone
cliff along the Mississippi River just above Alton, Illinois, and
first seen by Père Jacques Marquette in 1673 and greatly
faded by 1699. That cliff section has been quarried away. The picture
in color now appears on a large cliff signboard at that location
(if I judge by what I saw). [...] ... email: Carl
Masthay, Ph.D.
Piasa, Piasaw (/PIE-uh-saw/): English rendering from historic
French <Paillissa> (pronounced "pa-yee-sa"; noted
in 1803 by Nicolas de Finiels
from his 1797 visit to Alton, Illinois [Ekberg 1989]), attested
as <païssa> in the anonymous Illinois dictionary at St.
Jérôme in Québec but unglossed there in a list
of several terms for different types of supernatural beings and
animals, and attested in "Chemin de S. Joseph aux illinois
par Le tiatiki" (AsJCF, ms. Potier, Gazettes, Texte 1: p. 171,
circa 1763). "Piasa" matches Miami-Illinois /pa'yiihsa/
'elf, dwarf' (related terms: Ottawa /pahiins/, Potawatomi /pa?is/,
Fox /apayaasa/~ /apayaasiiha/). These mythic creatures live near
stream banks. Although over recent decades there was an awareness
of parts of this etymology, it was David Costa primarily who clinched
it, and the incorrect 'palisade' meaning by Carl Ekberg in his 1989
edition of Nicolas de Finiels's An Account of Upper Louisiana, p.
76, must be abandoned. One should keep in mind the underlying difference
in the meaning of the word païssa from that of "Piasa
bird petroglyph," which portrays the feared Kaskaskia Illinois
aramipichia, arimipichia 'Underwater Panther' or its equivalent
michipinchi8a [8 = w] 'great lynx/bobcat', the terrible mythological
water monster, because the fearful awe by the Indians probably mixed
the concepts of "elf" and the mysterious "bobcat."
[Carl Masthay, 19 Dec. 2003]
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